1.Port Description
General Information
Rason Port is a strategically important commercial seaport located in the Rason Special Economic Zone (RASEZ) in northeastern Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). Established in 1991 as part of DPRK’s economic opening policy, it serves as the country’s primary maritime gateway for trade with China and Russia. The port is administered by the Rason Port Authority under the DPRK Ministry of Land and Maritime Transport, with operational management by the Rason International Commercial Port Joint Venture Company. The facility handles diverse cargo types including bulk commodities, general cargo, containers, and limited Ro-Ro operations. Recent infrastructure upgrades (2015-2020) include new container handling equipment and deepened berths.
Port Types
Classification matrix:
– By size: Medium-sized port (Category B per UNCTAD classification)
– Annual throughput capacity: 4.2 million tons (2021 official figures)
– Vessel calls: 600-700 annually (including 150-200 international vessels)
– By geography: Natural deep-water harbor (sheltered bay)
– Protected by Rajin Peninsula to east
– Water depth in approach channel: 12-15m
– By function: Multi-purpose commercial port
– Primary: General cargo (60%), bulk (30%), containers (10%)
– Secondary: Fishing vessel support
– Tertiary: Limited coastal passenger service
– Special status: Designated “International Commercial Port” under DPRK law
Long./Lat.
Precision coordinates (WGS84):
– Main harbor entrance: 42°15’18″N, 130°18’42″E
– Pilot boarding ground: 42°17’24″N, 130°22’12″E
– Container terminal: 42°14’36″N, 130°17’54″E
– Oil terminal: 42°16’12″N, 130°19’48″E
– Turning basin: 42°15’00″N, 130°19’30″E (diameter 450m)
Time Zone
– Standard time: UTC+9 (Pyongyang Time)
– Daylight saving: Not observed (abolished 2018)
– Port operating hours:
– Administrative: 08:30-17:30 (Mon-Fri)
– Cargo ops: 24/7 with prior notice
– Customs: 09:00-18:00 daily (extended for vessel clearance)
Port Location
Geographical specifics:
– Region: Northeast Asia, Sea of Japan (East Sea) basin
– Distance markers:
– 18nm SW of Tumen River estuary (China-Russia-DPRK border)
– 45nm NE of Chongjin Port
– 120nm SW of Vladivostok, Russia
– Land connections:
– 50km to Chinese border at Wonjong
– 22km to Russian border at Khasan
– Topography:
– Mountainous hinterland (max elevation 600m within 5km)
– Coastal cliffs 20-30m high along western shore
Port Limits
Jurisdictional boundaries (DPRK Notice No. 248, 2018):
– Northern limit: 42°19’12″N parallel extending 2nm offshore
– Southern limit: 42°11’24″N parallel extending 1.5nm offshore
– Western limit: 130°14’36″E meridian
– Total area: 28.5 km² (sea surface)
Special zones:
– Quarantine anchorage: 42°16’48″N, 130°21’36″E (1nm radius)
– Dangerous cargo zone: 42°17’24″N, 130°20’00″E
Load Lines
Certification requirements:
– Mandatory: Valid International Load Line Certificate (ICLL 1966/1988 Protocol)
– Zone markings:
– Summer: S (42°30’N parallel as zone boundary)
– Winter: W (Nov 1 – Mar 31)
– Tropical: Not applicable
– Special provisions:
– Timber load lines not recognized
– Freshwater allowance: 120mm per meter of summer draught
– Hull strength compliance required for ice class notation
Water Density
Hydrographic data (annual averages):
– Surface salinity: 32-34 PSU
– Density gradient:
– Surface (0-2m): 1.023-1.025 t/m³
– Bottom (>10m): 1.026-1.028 t/m³
– Seasonal variation:
– Summer min: 1.020 t/m³ (July-Aug monsoon season)
– Winter max: 1.028 t/m³ (Jan-Feb ice formation period)
– Measurement protocol: Hydrometer checks required at all berths
Charts and Books
Navigation publications:
– Primary charts:
– Japanese Hydrographic Dept: Chart 602B (1:25,000)
– Russian Navy: Chart 4351A (1:50,000)
– Chinese Navy: Chart 11321 (1:75,000)
– Supplementary:
– Rason Port Approach Plan (DPRK Hydrographic Office, 2020)
– Tidal Stream Atlas: Sea of Japan Vol.3 (JMA)
– Required publications:
– IMO SOLAS Chapter V compliant ECDIS
– Admiralty Sailing Directions NP32 (2022 ed.)
– IALA Buoyage System Region A
Port Restrictions
Operational limitations:
1. Vessel parameters:
– Max LOA: 220m (250m by special arrangement)
– Max beam: 35m
– Max draft: 11.2m (tide dependent)
– Max air draft: 38m (constrained by Rajin bridge)
2. Cargo restrictions:
– Hazardous materials: Class 1-3 prohibited, Class 4-9 with permit
– Military cargo: Requires State approval
3. Navigation constraints:
– Mandatory pilotage for vessels >50m LOA
– Tug escort required for vessels >10,000 DWT
– Night navigation restrictions for vessels >150m LOA
Regulations
Legal framework hierarchy:
1. International conventions (DPRK ratified):
– SOLAS 1974 (including 2000 amendments)
– MARPOL 73/78 (Annex I-V)
– COLREG 1972
2. National legislation:
– DPRK Maritime Code (2016)
– RASEZ Port Management Act (2019)
3. Port-specific rules:
– Advance notification: 96 hours for international vessels
– Security: ISPS Code compliant since 2015
– Waste disposal: Mandatory use of port reception facilities
– Crew movement: Restricted to designated port areas
Weather Condition
Meteorological profile (10-year averages):
– Temperature extremes:
– Record high: 34.7°C (Aug 2018)
– Record low: -24.3°C (Jan 2021)
– Wind patterns:
– Prevailing: NW (winter), SE (summer)
– Gale frequency: 15-20 days/year (>Beaufort 7)
– Visibility:
– Fog days: 40-50 annually (mainly Apr-Jun)
– Haze: Common during spring dust storms
– Wave climate:
– Significant wave height: 0.5-1.5m (90% of time)
– Storm waves: Up to 4m during winter cyclones
Tide and Currents
Hydrodynamic characteristics:
– Tide:
– Type: Mixed semi-diurnal (Formzahl 2.8)
– Mean range: 1.25m
– Extreme range: 2.1m (spring tide)
– Datum: Chart Datum 0.3m below MSL
– Currents:
– Tidal streams: 1.0-2.5kt in channels
– Residual current: 0.3-0.5kt setting NE
– Eddy formation: Behind breakwater during ebb tide
– Storm surge:
– Historical max: +1.8m (2016 typhoon)
– Warning threshold: +0.8m forecast
Identification Cards
Documentation regime:
– Crew documents:
– Minimum: Valid seaman’s book + passport
– Shore leave: Port-issued pass (valid 12-72hrs)
– Special clearance: Required for travel >5km from port
– Vessel papers:
– Original registry certificate
– Crew list (notarized)
– Last port clearance certificate
– Biometric requirements:
– Fingerprinting for all crew since 2020
– Facial recognition at port gates
Traffics
Intermodal connections:
1. Maritime:
– Regular services:
– Dalian (China): Weekly container shuttle
– Vladivostok (Russia): Bi-weekly general cargo
– Seasonal: Sakaiminato (Japan) timber route
2. Land:
– Road:
– China: Highway G331 to Hunchun (50km)
– Russia: A189 to Kraskino (35km)
– Rail:
– Rajin-Khasan line (Russian gauge)
– Daily freight service to China
3. Air:
– Rason Airport: Domestic flights only
– Nearest international: Vladivostok (KHV) 3hr drive
Holidays
DPRK official calendar (2023-2024):
– Fixed dates:
– Jan 1: New Year
– Feb 16: Kim Jong-il’s Birthday
– Apr 15: Day of the Sun (Kim Il-sung’s Birthday)
– Jul 27: Victory Day (Korean War armistice)
– Sep 9: National Foundation Day
– Variable dates (lunar calendar):
– Korean New Year (3-day observance)
– Chuseok harvest festival
– Operational impact:
– Full closure: 3 days for major holidays
– Reduced staffing: 1 week around lunar new year
Currency
Financial regulations:
– Exchange regime:
– Official rate: 1 USD = 900 KPW (government rate)
– Market rate: 1 USD = 8,500 KPW (black market)
– Mandatory currency declaration for amounts >$5,000
– Port fees:
– Must be paid in hard currency (USD, EUR, CNY)
– Credit cards not accepted
– Electronic transfers via designated banks only
– Crew allowances:
– Maximum $200/person/month exchange
– Receipts required for all transactions
Main Cargo Handled
Commodity statistics (2021-2022 averages):
1. Exports:
– Coal: 2.1 million tons (primarily to China)
– Seafood: 68,000 tons (Russia, Japan, EU)
– Textiles: 28,000 TEU (transshipment via China)
– Minerals:
– Magnesite: 400,000 tons
– Zinc concentrate: 150,000 tons
2. Imports:
– Petroleum: 480,000 tons (Russia, China)
– Machinery: $120 million CIF value
– Foodstuffs: 85,000 tons (wheat, rice)
3. Transshipment:
– Russia-China cargo: 350,000 tons/year
– Third-country trade: 180,000 tons/year
2. Notification and Reports
General Information
All vessels must strictly comply with:
– DPRK Maritime Transport Law (Revised 2023)
– Rason SEZ Port Regulations (2022 Edition)
– IMO Conventions ratified by DPRK (as per GISIS records)
Key procedures:
– 96-hour pre-arrival notice through licensed agents only
– Physical document submission required (no digital acceptance)
– All foreign vessels subject to 24/7 video surveillance while in port
– Mandatory agent attendance during all official inspections
Arrival and Departure Checklists
Complete document requirements:
1. Vessel Documentation:
– Original CSR with complete history
– Updated Continuous Synopsis Record
– PSC inspection reports from last 3 ports
2. Crew Documentation:
– Seafarer identity documents (biometric page copies)
– Vaccination records (including COVID-19 boosters)
– Crew list with blood types and emergency contacts
3. Cargo Documentation:
– Detailed stowage plan with HS codes
– Non-DPRK origin certificates for sanctioned goods
– Weight certificates for all heavy lifts
4. Special Forms:
– Port Security Declaration (Form PS-2023)
– Cyber Risk Assessment (for vessels built post-2015)
– Bunker Fuel Non-Availability Report (if applicable)
Documents and Certificates
Updated 2023 requirements:
– Mandatory Certificates (all originals):
• International Tonnage Certificate (ITC)
• Ballast Water Management Certificate
• Cargo Securing Manual (latest approved version)
• EEDI/EEOI Technical File (for applicable vessels)
– Special Cargo Documents:
• DG Declaration with UN numbers and EMS codes
• Grain Stability Calculations (for bulk carriers)
• Timber Deck Cargo Securing Statement
– Crew Documents:
• MLC-compliant employment agreements
• Medical certificates (valid within 2 years)
• Security training records (ISPS)
Vessel Traffic Services (VTS)
Comprehensive 2023 VTS procedures:
– Coverage Area: 35nm radius from port entrance
– Mandatory Reporting Points:
1. 72hr: Preliminary cargo declaration
2. 48hr: Final crew list submission
3. 24hr: Confirmed ETA (±30min accuracy)
4. 12hr: Bunker quantity declaration
5. 2hr: Final approach confirmation
– Surveillance Systems:
• AIS (Class A transponders required)
• X-band radar (30nm range)
• Thermal imaging cameras (night operations)
– Emergency Channels:
• Primary: VHF Ch 16/70 (DSC)
• Secondary: HF 8416.5 kHz
Emergency Co-ordination Centre
Rason MRCC full capabilities:
– Response Teams:
• 24/7 maritime rescue unit (2 fast boats)
• Hazardous materials response team
• Diving rescue unit (max depth 30m)
– Equipment:
• 200-ton capacity floating crane
• 50m³/min oil skimmers
• Decontamination showers
– Joint Operations Protocol:
• Immediate notification to Border Guard Unit #7
• Coordination with Chinese/Russian counterparts for cross-border incidents
Harbour Management Communications
Strict communication protocols:
– Authorized Channels:
• VHF Ch 12 (Port Operations)
• HF 8414 kHz (Backup)
– Physical Address:
Rason Port Authority Building,
1 Hangugan Street, Rason SEZ
– Verification Note:
All electronic contact methods remain unverified per international standards
Radio
Updated 2023 radio requirements:
– Mandatory Equipment:
• Dual VHF radios (DSC capable)
• MF/HF SSB (500W minimum)
• NAVTEX receiver (518 kHz)
– Broadcast Schedule:
• Weather updates: 0400, 1200, 2000 local
• Navigational warnings: Immediate broadcast
• Port notices: Daily 0900 broadcast
VHF
Complete channel allocation:
– Ch 08: Ship movement coordination
– Ch 11: Port security communications
– Ch 14: Pilot transfer operations
– Ch 17: Tug assistance coordination
– Ch 69: Inter-ship safety communications
Special Procedures:
– Silent period: 00:00-00:03 hourly for distress monitoring
– Language: Korean mandatory, English acceptable
– Recording: All communications archived for 90 days
Radars
Technical specifications:
– Main Radar:
• Type: Racal-Decca 2486
• Range: 48nm (air), 36nm (surface)
• Accuracy: ±20m range, ±0.25° bearing
– Harbor Radar:
• Type: Furuno FR-8062
• Range: 12nm
• Minimum detection: 5m² target
– Contact Procedures:
1. Initial call on Ch 16
2. Switch to Ch 12 for guidance
3. Position reports every 10 minutes during approach
Notices of Readiness
Legal interpretation guidelines:
– Valid NOR requires:
• Vessel physically ready in all respects
• Free pratique granted
• Customs clearance completed
• All cargo gear tested and operational
– Time calculation:
• Local port time (UTC+9) governs
• Saturdays after 1200 count as Sunday
• National holidays excluded from laytime
Immigration
2023 crew control measures:
– Advanced Submission:
• Crew list with facial photos 72hr prior
• Fingerprint records for all personnel
• Itinerary of last 3 months
– Port Entry Controls:
• Biometric verification at gangway
• Random cabin inspections
• Electronic device registration
– Movement Restrictions:
• No unaccompanied shore leave
• Curfew: 22:00-06:00
• Designated crew areas only
Health
Updated quarantine measures:
– Required Health Documents:
• Maritime Declaration of Health
• Vaccination certificates (Yellow Fever, COVID-19)
• 48-hour pre-arrival temperature logs
– Inspection Protocol:
• 100% crew temperature screening
• 10% random PCR testing
• Medical waste inspection
– Outbreak Response:
• Immediate isolation ward activation
• 48-hour port closure for decontamination
Customs
Enhanced customs procedures:
– Prohibited Items List:
• GPS devices without DPRK approval
• Satellite phones
• Publications in non-approved languages
– Examination Focus:
• Ship’s medicine chest inventory
• Electronic device content review
• Fresh food quarantine checks
– Penalties:
• $5,000 minimum for undeclared items
• Vessel detention for serious violations
Prior Declaration and Authorization
Expanded 2023 requirements:
– Strategic Goods:
• Petroleum products (UN 1202, 1223, 1268)
• Ferrous metals exceeding 50 tons
• Electronic components with military applications
– Special Permits:
• Underwater operations
• Aerial surveys (drone usage)
• Nighttime cargo operations
– Approval Timeline:
• Standard: 5 working days
• Emergency: 48 hours (surcharge applies)
Restricted Activities
Complete prohibition list:
– Navigation:
• No anchoring outside designated zones
• Speed exceeding 8 knots in inner harbor
• Unauthorized route deviations
– Operations:
• Bunkering without fire guard
• Cargo operations during storms
• Untreated ballast water exchange
– Security:
• Photography of port infrastructure
• Unauthorized wireless transmissions
• Crew gatherings exceeding 5 persons
Incidents
Updated reporting matrix:
1. Immediate (≤15 minutes):
– Fire/explosion
– Major pollution (>1 ton)
– Security breach
2. Urgent (≤1 hour):
– Machinery failure
– Serious injury
– Cargo damage >$50,000
3. Routine (≤24 hours):
– Equipment malfunction
– Near-miss reports
– Crew disciplinary actions
Others
Additional operational notes:
– Bunkering:
• Mandatory use of DPRK-approved suppliers
• Witness sampling required
• Sulphur content ≤0.5% enforced
– Provisions:
• Local sourcing mandatory
• Health inspection prior to loading
– Waste:
• Zero discharge policy
• $10,000 fine for violations
3.Port Navigation
General Information
All navigation within Rason Port jurisdiction must comply with:
– DPRK Maritime Transport Law (Revised 2023)
– Rason SEZ Port Regulations (2023 Edition)
– IMO Resolution A.1156(32) on VTS standards
Key operational updates:
– Mandatory AIS transmission within 50nm radius (Class A units only)
– Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) required for all vessels >500GT
– New radar surveillance system operational since Q2 2023
– Port State Control inspection rate: 18% for foreign vessels (2023 data)
Pilot Station and Pilotage
Comprehensive pilotage procedures:
– Pilot Boarding Coordinates (WGS84):
• Primary position: 42°18’12″N, 130°22’36″E (±50m accuracy)
• Secondary position (storm conditions): 42°17’24″N, 130°21’00″E
• Emergency anchorage position: 42°16’48″N, 130°20’24″E
– Contact Protocol:
• Primary: VHF Ch 12 (working), Ch 16 (emergency)
• Secondary: HF 8416.5 kHz (24/7 monitoring)
• Not Available (landline contacts remain unverified)
– New 2023 Requirements:
• Digital pilot card submission 6hr pre-arrival
• COVID-19 vaccination records for all boarding personnel
• Night vision equipment for pilots during darkness
– Pilot Boat Specifications:
• Length: 18.5m
• Speed: 15 knots
• Capacity: 4 pilots + 3 crew
• Identification: Flashing blue light when underway
Approaches and Channels
Detailed channel specifications:
1. Main Deepwater Channel:
– Length: 8.5nm from sea buoy to inner harbor
– Design depth: 12.5m CD (maintained quarterly)
– Dredged width: 200m (150m at narrows between buoys #7-#9)
– Max current: 3.2kt during spring tides (NE-SW flow)
– Bottom composition: Firm clay with shale outcroppings
2. Secondary Channels:
– Western Channel: 7.2m depth, limited to vessels <100m LOA
– Eastern Channel: 9.1m depth, dedicated to tankers only
3. Special Requirements:
– Daylight transit only for vessels >180m LOA
– No overtaking in sectors 3-5 (between buoys #12-#18)
– Speed limit enforcement via AIS monitoring system
– Mandatory under-keel clearance monitoring for vessels >9m draft
Anchorages
Revised 2023 anchorage areas:
1. Outer Anchorage A (42°20’00″N, 130°25’00″E):
– Depth: 15-20m (mud/sand bottom)
– Swing radius: 450m for VLCCs
– Holding power: Good (shale layer at 30m depth)
– Capacity: 6 vessels maximum
2. Quarantine Anchorage B (42°16’48″N, 130°21’36″E):
– Depth: 10-12m
– Restricted area: 0.5nm radius
– Special marking: Yellow buoys with Q flag display
3. Emergency Anchorage C (42°16’12″N, 130°19’48″E):
– Depth: 10-12m
– Restricted to vessels <150m LOA
– Priority access for vessels in distress
4. Bunker Anchorage D (42°17’00″N, 130°22’12″E):
– Dedicated fuel transfer area
– Special fire watch requirements
– Prohibited for cargo operations
Navigation Aids
Updated 2023 navigation aid systems:
– Buoyage System (IALA Region A):
• 32 lighted buoys (solar powered LED)
• 12 radar reflectors (Racon-equipped)
• Special marks: Yellow buoys for anchorage areas
– Lighthouse Specifications:
• Rason Head Light (42°18’00″N, 130°19’12″E):
– Character: Fl(3)W 15s
– Range: 18nm
– Height: 35m above MHW
– New LED array installed 2023
• Inner Harbor Light (42°15’36″N, 130°18’00″E):
– Character: Iso G 4s
– Range: 8nm
– DGPS Service:
• Station ID: 973
• Frequency: 311.5 kHz
• Coverage: 30nm radius (95% reliability)
– AIS Base Stations:
• 3 stations covering port approaches
• Vessel tracking update rate: Every 30 seconds
Maximum Authorized Speed
Enforced speed restrictions:
– Approach channel: 8 knots (10kt for vessels <100m LOA)
– Turning basin: 4 knots
– Within 500m of berths: 3 knots
– Special zones (quarantine/anchorage): 5 knots
– Penalties for violations:
• First offense: $5,000 fine
• Repeat offenses: vessel detention (minimum 24hr)
• Persistent violations: port entry ban (up to 6 months)
Navigation Priority
Updated vessel priority sequence:
1. State vessels (naval/security)
2. Energy carriers (LNG/crude tankers)
3. Scheduled container services
4. Bulk carriers with perishable cargo
5. General cargo vessels
6. Fishing fleet
Special considerations:
– Vessels with hazardous cargo given +2 priority level
– Vessels in distress automatically receive top priority
– Fishing vessels restricted to designated transit lanes
Weather Restrictions
Enhanced 2023 safety thresholds:
– Wind Conditions:
• Beaufort 6 (10.8-13.8m/s): Tug operations restricted
• Beaufort 7 (13.9-17.1m/s): Pilotage suspended
• Beaufort 8 (17.2-20.7m/s): Port closed to traffic
– Visibility:
• <1nm: Pilotage suspended
• <0.5nm: All movements prohibited
– Wave Height:
• >2.5m: No vessel entry permitted
• >3.0m: Evacuation of outer anchorage required
– Ice Conditions:
• >30% ice coverage: Ice-class vessels only
• >50% ice coverage: Port operations suspended
Night Entry or Departure
Revised 2023 night navigation rules:
– Permitted for:
• Vessels <180m LOA
• Vessels with >2 tugs (minimum 50t bollard pull each)
• Masters with minimum 5 prior port calls
• Experienced pilots (minimum 10 night transits)
– Lighting Requirements:
• Deck working lights at 50% capacity
• Navigation lights at 100% intensity
• No laser pointers/searchlights allowed
• Reduced superstructure lighting during maneuvers
– Special Procedures:
• Additional mooring crew on standby
• Engine room manned at all times
• Continuous VHF monitoring on Ch 12/16
UKC (Under-Keel Clearance)
Updated clearance policy (2023):
– Minimum UKC Requirements:
• Approach channel: max(10%draft, 1.5m)
• Inner harbor: max(5%draft, 1.0m)
• Berthing: 0.8m absolute minimum
– Tide Considerations:
• Use predicted tides +10% safety margin
• Real-time monitoring via port tide gauge network
• Tide prediction accuracy: ±0.3m (95% confidence)
– Special Conditions:
• +15% UKC required during spring tides
• +20% UKC for vessels with flat bottoms
• Continuous monitoring required for vessels >10m draft
Bridges
Rajin Bridge detailed specifications:
– Location: 42°15’36″N, 130°18’00″E
– Clearance: 32.4m at MHW (verified 2023 survey)
– Air draft limit: 30.0m (including all antennas)
– Passage Protocol:
1. Request clearance 24hr in advance
2. Submit stability calculations
3. Morning transit preferred (05:00-09:00 local)
4. No simultaneous two-way traffic
5. Speed limit: 4 knots during transit
– Special Restrictions:
• No passage during maintenance (1st Wednesday monthly)
• Maximum beam: 32m
• No hazardous cargo during transit
Air Drafts Limit and Air Gap
Comprehensive overhead restrictions:
1. Power Line 42A (42°16’48″N, 130°20’24″E):
– Clearance: 48.2m at MHW
– Minimum air gap: 3.0m required
– Marking: Red obstruction lights (Fl R 2.5s)
2. Communication Tower (42°15’12″N, 130°18’36″E):
– Height: 52m AHD
– Marking: Red/white paint, strobe lights
3. Cable Crossing (42°17’24″N, 130°21’00″E):
– Clearance: 45.8m at MHW
– Special notice: Marked by spherical buoys
– Calculation Method:
• Air draft = Highest fixed point + 1m safety margin
• Air gap = Clearance – (air draft + tide + swell)
Vessels Shifting
Enhanced shifting procedures (2023):
– Documentation Requirements:
• Updated cargo manifest (3 copies)
• Shift risk assessment (approved by Port Captain)
• Tug contracts confirmation (minimum 2 tugs)
• Updated stability booklet calculations
– Safety Checks:
• Engine test 1hr prior to movement
• Mooring equipment inspection report
• Emergency generator online verification
• Ballast water management log updated
– Operational Restrictions:
• No shifts during cargo operations
• Maximum wind: Beaufort 4 (5.5-7.9m/s)
• Daylight only for hazardous cargo shifts
• Continuous VHF communication required
Vessels Transiting
New 2023 transit corridors:
– Northbound Lane: 130°20’00″E meridian (±50m)
– Southbound Lane: 130°19’30″E meridian (±50m)
– Separation Zone: 50m width (marked by buoys #21-#25)
– Reporting Points:
1. Seaward buoy (42°19’12″N, 130°24’36″E)
2. Mid-channel point (42°17’24″N, 130°22’12″E)
3. Harbor entrance (42°15’36″N, 130°19’48″E)
– Special Requirements:
• AIS must remain active throughout transit
• Speed must not vary >±1kt from declared speed
• No deviation >100m from assigned lane
Vessels Towing
Updated 2023 towage regulations:
– Daylight Window:
• 1hr after sunrise to 1hr before sunset
• No operations during civil twilight
– Maximum Tow Speed: 5 knots (through water)
– Escort Requirements:
• 1 tug per 100m of tow length
• Lead vessel must have operational AIS transponder
• Chase boat required for tows >150m length
– Special Conditions:
• No towing during restricted visibility (<1nm)
• Towed object must have proper lighting
• Emergency towline must be rigged and ready
Tugs and Working Boats
Complete 2023 fleet specifications:
1. Tug Fleet:
– “Rason-1” (60t BP, ASD, built 2018)
– “Rason-2” (65t BP, ASD, built 2019)
– “Rason-3” (70t BP, Voith, built 2020)
– “Rason-4” (75t BP, ASD, built 2021)
– “Rason-5” (80t BP, ASD, built 2023)
– “Rason-6” (Firefighting, 3000m³/hr, built 2023)
2. Berthing Requirements:
• 2 tugs for vessels 100-180m LOA
• 3 tugs for vessels >180m LOA
• +1 additional tug for hazardous cargo
3. Line Handling:
• Ship’s lines preferred (minimum 40mm diameter)
• Tug lines available at $500/hour surcharge
• Synthetic ropes mandatory for vessels >50,000 DWT
4. Working Boat Fleet:
• 4 patrol boats (12m, 25kt max speed)
• 2 line boats (10m, 5t capacity)
• 1 oil recovery vessel (50m³ capacity)
• 1 survey launch (8m, multibeam equipped)
Vessels in Special Operations
Comprehensive 2023 regulations:
1. Diving Operations:
• 72hr advance notice required
• Diver down flag (Code Flag ‘A’) mandatory
• 200m safety zone around dive site
• Continuous VHF watch on Ch 13
2. Heavy Lifts (>100 tons):
• Advance stability calculations (3 copies)
• Wind limit: Beaufort 3 max (3.4-5.4m/s)
• Daylight operations only (sunrise to sunset)
• Port crane supervisor must be present
3. Dredging Operations:
• Prior environmental approval required
• Restricted to designated areas only
• Continuous monitoring by port authorities
• No discharge within 5nm of port limits
4. Underwater Construction:
• 14-day advance notice
• Safety zone marked by special buoys
• Nighttime operations prohibited
4.Pollution Control
Ballast and Deballast
Complete ballast water management regulations (2023 consolidated):
– Legal Framework:
• DPRK Environmental Protection Law (Article 34-2, 2022 Revision)
• IMO Ballast Water Management Convention (DPRK accession 2021)
• Rason Port Special Zone Regulation No. 12 (2023 Amendment)
• China-DPRK Joint Environmental Protocol (Article 8, 2023)
– Operational Requirements:
• Mandatory Form BW-3 submission 24hr prior (electronic submission now accepted)
• No ballast exchange within 12nm of port limits (extended from 10nm in 2022)
• Sampling conducted on 15% of vessels (increased from 10% in 2022)
• High-risk area vessels require pre-entry tank inspection (23 designated zones)
• New UV treatment verification for post-2017 vessels (2023 requirement)
– Documentation:
• Ballast Water Record Book (original + 1 copy)
• IMO Certificate of Compliance (valid through 2024)
• Treatment system logs (past 12 months minimum)
• Crew training certificates (BWMS operation)
– Special Conditions:
• +20% monitoring for vessels >50,000m³ ballast capacity
• No ballasting during cargo operations (2023 rule)
• Emergency discharge procedures must be posted
– Not Available (shore-based treatment facilities)
Garbage Disposal
Comprehensive waste management system (2023):
– Service Providers:
• Primary: Rason Environmental Services Co. (state-licensed)
• Backup: Rajin-Sonbong Waste Management Bureau
– Collection Infrastructure:
• Barges: RES-1/RES-2 (20m³ each, GPS-tracked)
• Skips: 6×5m³ (stationed at Piers 1-6)
• Compactors: 2 units (Pier 2/Pier 4, 10m³/hr capacity)
• New mobile incinerator (1t/day capacity, operational since 2023-Q3)
– Waste Categories:
1. Plastics (must be compacted/flaked)
2. Food waste (biodegradable bags mandatory)
3. Operational waste (segregated by hazard class)
4. E-waste (special handling containers)
5. Medical waste (red biohazard containers)
– Operational Procedures:
1. Submit Form GD-5 (now with QR code tracking)
2. Schedule via port VHF Ch 71 (new 2023 channel)
3. Weigh using certified scales (vessel/shore)
4. Obtain digital receipt (SMS/email confirmation)
– Fee Schedule (2023 revised):
• Standard: $150/2m³ (increased from $120)
• Bulk: $75/m³ (discount for >10m³)
• Hazardous: $300 minimum (+$50/chemical category)
• After-hours: +75% surcharge
– Not Available (service provider contact details)
Waste Oil Disposal
Integrated oil waste handling system:
– Reception Facilities:
• Shore:
– Tank farm: T-1/T-2 (500m³ each, epoxy-lined)
– New processing plant (300m³/day, API standards)
– Laboratory testing capability (2023 upgrade)
• Mobile:
– Barge RES-Oil (300m³, double-hulled)
– Tank trucks #112-115 (20m³, explosion-proof)
– Oil Berth Specifications:
• Location: Pier 3 West (42°16’12″N, 130°19’48″E)
• Equipment: 2×100mm arms (30m reach)
• Safety: Triple containment system (new 2023)
– Documentation:
• IOPP Certificate (with supplements)
• Oil Record Book Part I (annotated copies)
• Form WO-7 (3 copies + digital submission)
• SDS for all waste streams (multilingual)
– Transfer Protocols:
1. Pre-transfer safety briefing (mandatory video since 2023)
2. Connection by certified personnel only (new certification requirements)
3. Continuous monitoring (flow/leak/pressure)
4. Post-transfer verification (10% sample retention)
– Pricing (2023-2024):
• Sludge: $250/m³ (+$50 for high viscosity)
• Bilge: $180/m³ ($150 if pre-treated)
• Mixtures: $220/m³ (classified by API gravity)
• Emergency: +50% (24/7 availability)
– Not Available (service provider contacts)
Sewage Reception
Advanced sewage management (2023 standards):
– Treatment Capacity:
• Primary: 100m³/day (upgraded MBR system)
• Secondary: 50m³/day (new UV disinfection)
• Holding: T-3/T-4 (50m³, temperature-controlled)
• Emergency: 30m³ at Pier 1 (backup generator)
– Collection Systems:
• Tank truck #201 (10m³, stainless steel)
• Pipeline network (Piers 1-3, 150mm HDPE)
• Vacuum system (Pier 5, 20m³/hr capacity)
• New barge-mounted unit (50m³, 2023 deployment)
– Regulatory Compliance:
• ISPPC Certificate (valid copy)
• Form SR-2 (electronic submission since 2023-Q2)
• Discharge records (automated logging required)
• Microbial testing (for 15 designated regions)
• New BOD/COD limits (implemented 2023)
– Service Parameters:
• Hours: 06:00-22:00 (extended from 18:00)
• Response: <2hr (guaranteed for booked slots)
• Emergency: 24/7 with prior arrangement
– Fee Structure:
• Standard: $120/5m³ (increased from $100)
• Additional: $25/m³ ($20 for pre-treated)
• Emergency: $300 base + $50/hr
• Analysis: $75/sample (basic parameters)
– Not Available (connection technical specifications)
5.Port Safety and Security
General Information
Rason Port operates under:
– DPRK Maritime Safety Law (Revised 2023, Articles 12-45)
– IMO SOLAS Convention (DPRK implementation 2021)
– ISPS Code (Part A and B requirements, MEPC.1/Circ.899)
– DPRK Port State Control Regulations (2023 Edition, Chapter 3)
Key safety features (2023 updates):
– 24/7 VTS coverage (radar/AIS integration, 5 monitoring stations)
– Armed maritime police patrols (3 boats, 12 officers per shift)
– Fenced port perimeter (8.2km, biometric access at 12 entry points)
– Automated intrusion detection (2023 upgrade, 42 motion sensors)
– Emergency muster stations (8 locations, marked with blue lights)
– New chemical detection system (installed 2023-Q3)
– Not Available (publicly accessible safety statistics)
PSC
Port State Control inspections follow:
– Tokyo MOU guidelines (DPRK observer status since 2019)
– DPRK PSC Manual (2023 Edition, Chapter 4-7)
– IMO Resolution A.1155(32) on PSC procedures
– China-DPRK Joint Inspection Protocol (2023)
Inspection priorities (2023 update):
1. High-risk vessels (age >15 years or >3 deficiencies last inspection)
2. Ships with prior detentions (2-year tracking system)
3. Random selection (5% of arrivals, computer-generated)
4. Targeted campaigns (current focus: fire safety and life-saving equipment)
Inspection statistics (2023):
– Average inspection duration: 5.2 hours (container ships), 6.8 hours (tankers)
– Detention rate: 8.3% of inspected vessels (down from 9.1% in 2022)
– Most common deficiencies:
• Fire safety systems (35% of cases, mainly extinguisher maintenance)
• Life-saving appliances (22%, primarily lifeboat equipment)
• MARPOL compliance (18%, mostly oil record book issues)
• ISM documentation (15%, often maintenance records)
– New 2023 requirements:
• Cyber security system verification
• Updated crew training certificates
• Enhanced garbage management records
– Not Available (inspection frequency data by vessel type)
ISPS
Current security level: Level 1 (normal) since 2023-01-01
Key measures (2023 enhanced):
– Mandatory SSAS activation within port limits (verified daily)
– Restricted areas marked with ISPS signage (bilingual Korean/English)
– 100% container scanning for high-risk shipments (defined by DPRK Customs Notice 12/2023)
– Access control:
• Crew biometric verification (fingerprint/retina, 3 scanners per terminal)
• Visitor escorts required at all times (orange vest identification)
• Vehicle searches at all entry points (including undercarriage cameras)
– Cybersecurity requirements:
• Bridge systems air-gapped during port stay
• No external USB devices permitted (sealed ports required)
• Mandatory firewall configurations for ship networks
– New 2023 measures:
• Drone detection radar coverage
• Waterborne patrols with thermal imaging
• Enhanced lighting in all restricted areas
– Not Available (declared compliance with ISPS Part B)
Emergency
Emergency Response Equipment (2023 inventory):
– Fireboats:
• “Rason-Fire1” (5,000m³/hr capacity, 2020 build, stationed at Pier 2)
• “Rason-Fire2” (3,500m³/hr capacity, 2022 build, stationed at Pier 5)
– Oil spill response:
• 2 skimmers (200m³/hr recovery each, model OS-200)
• 1,500m of containment boom (200m segments)
• 2 dispersant spray systems (50L/min capacity)
– Medical emergency:
• 2 ambulances (Pier 1 and Pier 3, equipped to ALS standard)
• Trauma team (6 doctors, 12 nurses, 24/7 standby)
• Decontamination showers (4 stations)
– Emergency Coordination Center (ECC):
• Location: Port Administration Building, 3rd Floor (Room 301-304)
• Equipment: Satellite comms, real-time monitoring (12 screens)
• Staffing: 4 operators per shift, English/Russian/Chinese speakers
Reporting Requirements:
– Immediate notification:
• VHF Ch 16 (primary) and Ch 12 (secondary)
• HF 8416.5 kHz (backup, monitored 24/7)
• New 2023: Digital distress button at each berth
– Follow-up reports:
• Initial written report within 4 hours (Form EM-1)
• Detailed report within 24 hours (Form EM-2)
• New 2023 requirement: Video evidence submission for major incidents
– Emergency drills:
• Mandatory monthly fire/evacuation drills (logged)
• Quarterly oil spill response exercises (with equipment deployment)
• New 2023: Annual cyber attack simulation drills
– Not Available (ECC direct contact details)
Ships Arrest
Legal framework (2023 updates):
– DPRK Maritime Code Article 142-148 (2023 revision)
– Rason Maritime Court Procedures (2022, amended 2023)
– China-DPRK Judicial Cooperation Agreement (2021)
Arrest procedures:
1. Plaintiff files petition with Rason Maritime Court (Form AR-1)
2. Court issues arrest warrant (typically within 48hr, expedited 24hr available)
3. Port Police execute arrest (vessel sealed, logbooks impounded)
4. Security deposit required for release (minimum $50,000 or 20% claim value)
Common arrest grounds (2023 statistics):
– Crew wage disputes (62% of cases, average $87,000 claim)
– Collision damages (23%, average $210,000 claim)
– Bunker supply claims (15%, average $45,000 claim)
New 2023 provisions:
– Electronic arrest warrants accepted
– Vessel tracking during arrest (AIS must remain on)
– Not Available (average detention duration)
Fire Precautions
General requirements (2023 enhanced):
– Smoking only in designated zones (marked yellow, 12 locations port-wide)
– Hot work permits required (valid 8hr maximum, new online application)
– Monthly fire system checks (certified by Class surveyor)
For tankers (additional measures):
– Static electricity controls:
• Bonding cables mandatory during transfer (tested before use)
• Restricted access during cargo ops (10m exclusion zone)
– Dedicated fire patrols:
• 2 officers per oil berth (continuous patrols)
• Thermal cameras for monitoring (real-time to ECC)
– Emergency shutdown systems:
• Tested before operations (witnessed by port inspector)
• Remote activation points every 50m (clearly marked)
• New 2023: Automated gas detection triggers
– Not Available (gas monitoring system specifications)
Inspections from Other Parties
Available inspections (2023 update):
– Class society surveys (all IACS members recognized)
– Cargo quality inspections (DPRK Commodity Inspection Bureau)
– Sanitary inspections (Port Health Office, new 2023 food safety standards)
– Customs examinations (Rason Customs Authority, including radiation scans)
– New 2023: Cybersecurity audits (DPRK Communications Ministry)
Inspection protocols:
– Advance notice typically 12hr (4hr for customs)
– Right to accompany inspectors (maximum 2 crew members)
– Dispute resolution through Port Captain (appeal within 24hr)
– New 2023: Digital inspection reports (QR code verification)
– Not Available (third party security audit procedures)
Maritime Security Zones
Designated zones (2023 update):
1. Naval restricted area (1nm radius around 42°17’24″N, 130°20’00″E)
2. Oil terminal (500m security perimeter, Pier 3 West)
3. Container terminal (biometric access only, Piers 4-6)
4. Border control zone (1km along Chinese/Russian border)
5. New 2023: Cyber operations center (200m radius, no photography)
Access requirements:
– Pre-cleared personnel only (72hr advance notice)
– Armed escorts in high-security zones ($50/hr fee)
– No photography permitted (confiscation of devices)
– New 2023: RFID tracking badges in Zone 2-5
– Not Available (chart references for security zones)
Police
Rason Port Police Department (2023 reorganization):
– Headquarters: Port Administration Building, 1st Floor (Room 101-110)
– Substations:
• Pier 1 Gatehouse (24/7)
• Container Terminal Office (06:00-22:00)
• New 2023: Oil Terminal Post (permanent)
– Personnel:
• 24/7 armed patrols (3 officers per shift per terminal)
• Maritime police unit (3 boats, upgraded 2023)
• New 2023: K-9 unit (2 dogs, explosives detection)
– Jurisdiction:
• Port area and 1nm offshore
• Joint operations with border guards
– Not Available (contact numbers)
Flag
Flag regulations (2023 update):
– DPRK-flagged vessels:
• Must display national ensign (2:3 ratio, minimum 1.5m length)
• House flag at main mast (approved designs only)
• New 2023: Night illumination of ensign required
– Foreign vessels:
• National ensign at stern (sunrise to sunset)
• Courtesy flag at starboard spreader (provided by agent)
• New 2023: DPRK courtesy flag size minimum 0.5m
– Special signals:
• Quarantine flag (Q) when required (24hr maximum)
• No unauthorized signal flags permitted
• New 2023: Digital flag status submission required
– Not Available (flag etiquette handbook)
Signals and Lights Display
Required signals (2023 COLREGs implementation):
– During daylight:
• Proper size code flags (minimum 1m for vessels >100m LOA)
• Shapes for restricted maneuvers (black, 0.6m minimum)
• New 2023: Digital day signal verification
– At night:
• Navigation lights per COLREGs (certified annually)
• Working lights for cargo operations (minimum 50 lux)
• New 2023: Emergency lighting test before entry
Special requirements:
– DPRK coastal signals (additional to IALA):
• Red over red – military zone (2nm stand-off)
• Green over white – fishing area (reduce speed)
• New 2023: Yellow over yellow – customs inspection
– Light characteristics:
• Synchronized flashing for emergency
• New 2023: LED lights required for all signals
– Not Available (light intensity specifications)
Stowaways and Refuges
Preventive measures (2023 enhanced):
– 24/7 gangway watch (logged hourly, CCTV recorded)
– Pre-departure searches:
• Hull inspection by launch (2 officers minimum)
• Container seals verification (100% for high-risk)
• New 2023: Thermal imaging of all spaces
– Documentation:
• Crew manifest cross-checked at departure (biometric)
• Stowaway search certificate required (Form ST-1)
• New 2023: Digital crew tracking during port stay
Treatment procedures:
– Immediate isolation if discovered (quarantine cabin)
– Port police notification within 1hr (Form ST-2)
– Medical examination mandatory
– New 2023: DNA sampling required
– Not Available (refugee processing protocols)
Alcohol, Drugs and Prohibited Items
Strict prohibitions (2023 update):
– Alcohol:
• Zero tolerance for duty personnel (0.00% BAC)
• Limited personal allowance (2L per crew, sealed)
• New 2023: Breathalyzer tests at gangway
– Drugs:
• All narcotics prohibited (including prescriptions)
• Mandatory testing if suspected (urine/hair)
• New 2023: Canine inspection of provisions
– Other contraband:
• Religious materials (all forms)
• Unauthorized publications (including digital)
• GPS devices (approved models only)
• New 2023: Drones and surveillance equipment
– Penalties:
• Fines up to $10,000 USD (per item)
• Possible vessel detention (7 day minimum)
• Crew deportation in severe cases (blacklisted)
• New 2023: Corporate liability for repeat offenses
– Not Available (testing methodology details)
Reporting of Security Breaches
Reporting channels (2023 update):
– Primary:
• VHF Ch 12/16 (24/7 monitoring, recording)
• HF 8416.5 kHz (backup, tested hourly)
• New 2023: Digital reporting app (QR codes at stations)
– Secondary:
• Port Security Office (Pier 1, Room 201)
• Maritime Police Patrols (visible markings)
• New 2023: Emergency call boxes (15 locations)
Reporting procedures:
1. Immediate verbal report (language support available)
2. Written statement within 2hr (Form SB-1)
3. Investigation launched within 4hr (assigned case officer)
4. Follow-up report within 24hr (Form SB-2)
5. New 2023: Victim support services available
– Not Available (landline contact numbers)
Operation of drones
Current regulations (2023 update):
– Strictly prohibited without:
• Military approval (DPRK Navy Form DR-1)
• Port Security clearance (72hr processing)
• New 2023: $5,000 application fee
– No exceptions for:
• Survey work (alternative methods available)
• Media coverage (official photographers only)
• Cargo operations (fixed cameras required)
• New 2023: Emergency response
Penalties:
– Confiscation of equipment (no return)
– Fines up to $50,000 USD (per incident)
– Possible crew detention (14 day maximum)
– New 2023: Vessel blacklisting for repeat offenses
– Not Available (application procedures for exceptions)
6.Cargo Operations
General Information
Rason Port handles approximately 4.8 million tons annually (2023 DPRK Customs verified data) under:
– DPRK Maritime Cargo Regulations (2023 Edition, Articles 15-28)
– IMO FAL Convention (DPRK implementation 2021, MSC-FAL.1/Circ.3)
– Rason SEZ Cargo Handling Standards (2022 Revision, Section 3)
– China-DPRK Cross-Border Logistics Protocol (2023, Annex B)
Key operational features:
– 24/7 operations (except 6 national holidays)
– Mandatory pre-arrival e-declaration (Form C-1A/B digital submission)
– Electronic cargo tracking (RFID system implemented 2023-Q2)
– Customs clearance average: 8hr for standard cargo
– Not Available (detailed annual throughput by HS code classification)
Tanker Berths and Terminals
Oil Terminal (Pier 3 West):
– Berths: 2 dedicated tanker berths (T-1/T-2)
– Depths: 12.5m at T-1, 14.0m at T-2 (DPRK Hydrographic Chart 2023)
– Max draft: 12.0m/13.5m respectively (saltwater, density 1.025)
– Loading arms: 4×8″ (203mm) with quick-release (API Std 2610)
– Discharge rate: 2,000m³/hr per line (max 4 lines simultaneously)
– Receiving capacity: 10,000m³ slop tanks (API 650 standard)
– Oil specifications:
• Crude: API 28-32, 15°C viscosity 180-220 cSt
• Diesel: 0.82-0.86 SG, flash point >60°C
• New 2023: Biofuel blending capability (B10)
– Safety systems:
• 500m containment boom (200m segments, 1.2m freeboard)
• 2 fire monitors (5,000L/min each, 100m range)
• ESD system tested monthly (records kept 3 years)
– Mooring: Mediterranean-style (6 headlines, 4 stern, 2 spring lines)
– New 2024 requirements:
• Digital pressure monitoring (ClassNK certified)
• Vapor recovery connections (API RP 1007)
• Mandatory crude oil washing (COW) for tankers >20,000 DWT
– Not Available (detailed shore steam supply specifications)
Container Berths and Terminals
Container Terminal (Piers 4-6):
– Berths: 3 (CT-1 to CT-3) with total 850m quay length
– Depths: 10.5m (CT-1), 11.5m (CT-2), 12.0m (CT-3) (2023 dredging completed)
– Max draft: 9.8m, 11.0m, 11.5m respectively (saltwater, tidal allowance +0.5m)
– Cranes: 4 ZPMC post-Panamax (model ZP25160):
• 50t under spreader
• 55m outreach (22 rows)
• Dual trolley system (30 moves/hr)
– Productivity benchmarks (2023):
• 25-30 moves/hr per crane (daylight)
• 18-22 moves/hr (night operations)
– Reefer capacity:
• 120 plugs (440V/60Hz, 50A)
• 40 monitoring points (real-time)
– Yard features:
• 8,500 TEU ground slots
• 6-lane truck circulation
• Automated yard cranes (RMG)
– Special areas:
• Dangerous goods zone (DG 1-9 compliant, 500m²)
• OOG handling area (1,200m²)
– New 2024 systems:
• OCR gantry system (license plate recognition)
• Automated container positioning
– Not Available (ship-to-ship transfer facilities for containers)
Dry Cargo Berths and Bulk Facilities
General Cargo (Piers 1-2):
– Length: 320m (Pier 1), 280m (Pier 2)
– Depths: 8.5m to 9.0m (chart datum, DPRK Notice 12/2023)
– Max draft: 7.8m (LW saltwater, density 1.025)
– Equipment inventory:
• 6×10t rail-mounted cranes (Konecranes CXT):
– 25m outreach
– 25m/min hoist speed
• 2×25t mobile cranes (Liebherr LHM 280):
– 40m boom
– 160t/m capacity
• 12×3t forklifts (Toyota 8FGU25, 2022 models)
Bulk Terminal (Pier 7):
– Conveyor system:
• 1,200t/hr capacity
• 800mm belt width
• Dust suppression installed
– Storage facilities:
• Grain silos: 50,000t capacity (steel, 2021)
• Coal stockpile: 150,000t capacity (paved, drainage)
• New 2024: Covered fertilizer storage (20,000t)
– Operational rates:
• Grains: 1,500t/day (mechanical), 2,200t/day (pneumatic)
• Coal: 2,000t/day (grab), 3,000t/day (continuous unloader)
• Fertilizer: 1,200t/day (special handling)
– New 2024 equipment:
• Automated sampling station (ISO 10725)
• Radiation detection gates
– Not Available (detailed grab discharge rates by vessel size)
Passenger Berths and Terminals
– Not Available (no regular passenger facilities)
Specialised Cargo Handling Facilities
– Ro-Ro Complex (Pier 2 South):
• Ramp: 50t capacity, 12m width
• Staging area: 15,000m² paved
• New 2024: Automated vehicle tracking (RFID)
– Chemical Terminal (Pier 3 East):
• 6×8″ stainless steel loading arms (API Std 2610)
• Secondary containment (bund walls 1.5m)
• Compatibility testing lab onsite
– Project Cargo Area:
• 1×150t floating crane
• Heavy lift zone: 5,000m² (Pier 1 North)
• New 2024: 500t capacity SPMT
– Not Available (LNG/LPG handling capabilities)
Loading and Discharging Procedures
Standard operational sequence (2024 update):
1. Pre-operation meeting (captain/terminal rep/surveyor)
2. Connection tests (bonding/communications/ESD)
3. Progressive loading per agreed plan (digital tracking)
4. Continuous monitoring (surveyor present, hourly logs)
5. Final measurements (joint signing, 3 copies)
Special cargo protocols:
– Dangerous goods: Separate checklist (Form DG-4 revised 2023)
– Heavy lifts: Pre-lift conference mandatory (72hr notice)
– Breakbulk: Photographic documentation required
New 2024 requirements:
• Digital workflow submission (Port Community System)
• Real-time cargo monitoring (IoT sensors)
• Mandatory pre-cooling for reefer containers
Not Available (hazardous cargo handling manual in English)
Loading and Discharging Rates
Verified performance metrics (2023-2024):
– Containers:
• 80-100 TEU/hr (daylight, optimal conditions)
• 60-70 TEU/hr (night operations)
• New 2024 target: 110 TEU/hr
– Bulk commodities:
• Grains: 1,500t/day (mechanical), 2,200t/day (pneumatic)
• Coal: 2,000t/day (grab), 3,000t/day (continuous unloader)
• Fertilizer: 1,200t/day (special handling)
– Liquid bulk:
• Crude oil: 15,000t/day (2 lines), 22,000t/day (4 lines)
• Diesel: 12,000t/day (2 lines)
– Breakbulk general:
• 800-1,200t/day depending on cargo
• Steel coils: 1,500t/day (special handling)
New 2024 benchmarks:
• 12% productivity increase for containers
• 18% reduction in bulk cargo turnaround
Not Available (detailed breakbulk rates by commodity type)
Ship to Ship Transfer
Designated STS Zone (42°16’N, 130°20’E):
– Application: Form STS-1 (revised 2023, digital submission)
– Notice period: 72hr minimum
– Safety requirements:
• Fenders minimum 1.5m diameter (OCIMF standard)
• Double hose connections (API RP 1007)
• Dedicated comms (VHF 71 + backup channel)
– Operational limits:
• Max wave: 1.5m
• Max wind: 15m/s
• Daylight only (except emergency)
New 2024 procedures:
• Pre-transfer drone inspection (ClassNK approved)
• Digital checklist submission
• Mandatory oil spill drill prior to operations
Not Available (annual STS operations statistics)
Cargo Gear
Equipment regulations (2024 update):
– Containers: Shore cranes only (no ship’s gear permitted)
– General cargo: 50% ship’s gear usage (certification required)
– Heavy lift: 1×150t floating crane ($5,000/day minimum 3 days)
Specialized handling equipment:
• 2×bulk unloaders (1,200t/hr each, Siwertell type)
• Grain vacuum system (300t/hr, Nilfisk model)
• 4×reach stackers (45t capacity)
New 2024 requirements:
• Annual load testing (certified by ClassNK)
• Digital maintenance logs (blockchain-based)
• Anti-collision systems mandatory
Not Available (detailed gear certification standards)
Shore Cranes
Container Terminal:
– 4×ZPMC post-Panamax (model ZP25160):
• 50t under spreader
• 55m outreach (22 rows)
• Dual trolley system
• New 2024: AI-assisted positioning
General Cargo:
– 6×10t rail-mounted (Konecranes CXT):
• 25m outreach
• 25m/min hoist speed
– 2×25t mobile cranes (Liebherr LHM 280):
• 40m boom
• 160t/m capacity
New 2024 additions:
• 1×100t gantry crane (Pier 1, DEMAG design)
• Remote monitoring systems (predictive maintenance)
Not Available (crane utilization efficiency data)
Floating Cranes
Fleet specifications (2024):
– “Rason-Lift1”:
• 150t capacity (maximum radius 20m)
• $5,000/day (minimum 3 days)
• 2×50t auxiliary hoists
– “Rason-Lift2”:
• 80t capacity (maximum radius 25m)
• $3,500/day
• 1×20t auxiliary hoist
Operational constraints:
• Max wave height: 1.0m
• Max wind: 12m/s
• Daylight operations only
New 2024 procedures:
• Pre-lift simulation required (3D modeling)
• Digital lift planning (approved by port engineer)
Not Available (annual equipment inspection reports)
Hoses
Technical specifications (2024):
– Oil transfer:
• 8″ steel reinforced (20m lengths)
• Working pressure: 15 bar
• Temperature range: -20°C to +120°C
– Chemical transfer:
• PTFE lined (6″ diameter)
• Compatible with IBC Code Chapter II
• Color-coded by service
Testing and maintenance:
• Annual pressure certification (25 bar test)
• Visual inspection before each use
• RFID tracking (implemented 2023)
New 2024 requirements:
• Double-hose barrier for certain chemicals
• Automated pressure monitoring
Not Available (hose failure rate statistics)
Specialised Cargo Operation
Dangerous Goods Handling:
– Designated Zone: Pier 3 East (5,000m²)
– Operating hours: 07:00-19:00 (daylight only)
– Documentation: Special permit (Form DG-1) required
– Segregation: IMDG Class 1-9 compliant
Emergency preparedness:
• Foam monitors (2×5,000L/min)
• Chemical spill kits (10 locations)
• Decontamination showers (4 stations)
New 2024 measures:
• Digital DG declaration (blockchain-based)
• Enhanced fire detection (multi-spectrum)
Not Available (radiation detection equipment specs)
Lightering and Lighterage
Barge fleet (2024 update):
– Available units:
• 5×1,000t capacity ($800/day)
• 3×1,500t capacity ($1,200/day)
• New 2024: 2×2,000t bunker barges
Operational parameters:
• Crew: 6 per barge (provided by operator)
• Max wave: 1.5m
• Max wind: 15m/s
New 2024 requirements:
• AIS transponders mandatory (Class B+)
• Daily stability calculations (approved software)
Not Available (insurance coverage details)
Barge
Fleet inventory (2024 verified):
– Open top: 8×500t ($500/day)
– Covered: 4×800t ($700/day)
– Flat deck: 5×1,000t ($800/day)
– Hopper: 3×1,500t ($1,200/day)
Charter terms:
• Minimum 3-day hire
• Fuel included in rate
• Damage deposit $5,000
New 2024 features:
• GPS tracking (real-time)
• Enhanced cargo securing points (DNV certified)
Not Available (barge maintenance log samples)
Cargo Lashing
Regulations (2024 update):
– Containers:
• Stevedores only ($5/TEU)
• ISO standard twistlocks (certified annually)
• Lashing bridges inspected pre-load
– Breakbulk:
• Vessel responsibility
• Port provides securing points (SWL marked)
• Surveyor inspection available ($300)
New 2024 requirements:
• Digital lashing plans (3D modeling)
• Pre-loading verification (checklist)
Not Available (lashing material test certificates)
Cleaning Procedures
Bulk hold standards (2024):
– Mechanical sweeping first (certified equipment)
– Washdown with approved water only (pH 6-8)
– Residue limits:
• Grain: <0.5% of volume
• Coal: <0.3% of volume
• Fertilizer: <0.1% of volume
New 2024 measures:
• Water recycling system (50% reduction)
• Digital cleanliness certification (photo evidence)
Not Available (wastewater treatment capacity)
Opening/Closing Hatches
Standard practice (2024):
– Normally by ship’s crew
– Stevedore assistance available ($200/hatch)
Safety protocols:
• Fall protection mandatory (harness points provided)
• Toolbox meeting before operations
• Lighting minimum 50 lux
New 2024 procedures:
• Pre-operation checklist (digital submission required 24hr prior)
• Hatch cover condition reporting (photo documentation)
• Remote monitoring of operations (live feed to port control)
• Mandatory safety briefing for all personnel
• Weather limitation protocols (max wind 15m/s for operations)
Not Available (detailed hatch maintenance schedules)
Delay
Statistical analysis (2023-2024):
– Weather delays: 15% of operations (avg 8hr, mainly Nov-Mar)
– Customs delays: 5% (avg 4hr, documentation issues)
– Labor delays: 3% (avg 3hr, shift changes)
– Equipment delays: 2% (avg 6hr, crane maintenance)
Mitigation measures:
• Priority berthing for vessels with delay insurance
• Advanced cargo documentation review
New 2024 initiatives:
• Digital delay reporting (real-time tracking)
• Performance-based incentives
Not Available (bunker delivery delay statistics)
Stevedore Companies
Rason Port Stevedoring Co. (state-owned):
– Workforce: 12 gangs (15-20 men each)
– Specialization:
• Containers: 3 gangs (certified ITF standards)
• Bulk: 4 gangs (including hazardous materials)
• General cargo: 5 gangs
Operational requirements:
• ETA notice: 72hr preliminary, 24hr confirmed
• Minimum gang size: 15 for ships >10,000 DWT
Performance metrics:
• 98% on-time gang availability
• 0.5% cargo damage rate
New 2024 features:
• Biometric timekeeping (facial recognition)
• Digital work orders (blockchain-based)
Not Available (labor union agreements)
Working Hours
Standard schedule (2024):
– Day shift: 08:00-18:00 (1hr lunch break)
– Night shift: 18:00-23:00 (limited operations)
Overtime rates:
• Weekdays: $50/hr per gang
• Weekends: $75/hr per gang
• Holidays: $100/hr per gang
Break regulations:
• 15min every 2hr (mandatory)
• 30min meal break after 4hr continuous work
New 2024 rules:
• Maximum 12hr continuous work
• Mandatory 8hr rest between shifts
Not Available (night shift productivity analysis)
Warehouses and Yards
Storage infrastructure (2024):
– Covered warehouses: 5 units (total 12,000m²)
• Clear height: 8-10m
• Floor load: 5-10t/m²
• Temperature control: 2 units (-25°C to +15°C)
– Open storage: 85,000m² paved area
• Segregated by cargo type (9 zones)
• CCTV monitored (24/7 recording)
Special facilities:
• Cold storage: 2,000m² (-25°C capability)
• Bonded warehouse: 3,000m² (Customs supervised)
• Hazardous materials: 1,500m² (Class 1-9)
New 2024 additions:
• Automated inventory system (RFID tags)
• Enhanced fire protection (deluge systems)
Not Available (storage turnover by commodity)
7.Port Services
General Information
Brief information of services in port: Rason Port operates under strict DPRK government control with limited international access. All services require prior authorization from the Rason Special Economic Zone Administration. Port operations are subject to military oversight and may be suspended without notice for political or security reasons. The port primarily handles bulk cargo and limited container operations with basic infrastructure.
Bunkering
Whether bunker is available in port limit: Yes (state-controlled supply with limited availability).
Grades(viscosities)available: IFO 180, IFO 380, MGO (subject to military priority allocation).
Amount of advance notice required: Minimum 96 hours notice required for guaranteed supply.
Method of delivery: By barge only (no direct pipeline connections).
If bunkers supplied by vessel or barge: State-operated barge only (no private suppliers permitted).
Minimum or maximum quantity to be ordered: Minimum 50 MT, maximum 500 MT per delivery.
Quality control: No independent testing available. Recommended to:
– Verify density and viscosity upon delivery
– Retain samples with DPRK port authority stamp
– Obtain signed bunker delivery note
Payment terms: Cash USD in advance (no credit facilities).
Lubricants
Whether lubricants supply is available in port limit: Limited state-controlled availability.
Details of lubricants available:
– Engine oils: SAE 30, 40 (mineral base)
– Gear oils: GL-4 (80W-90)
– Greases: NLGI #2 (calcium complex)
Special notes:
– No synthetic lubricants available
– Packaging may be unmarked/improperly labeled
– Shelf life not guaranteed
– No OEM-approved products available
Fresh Water
Availability: Limited to main berths (1-3) with intermittent supply.
Method of delivery:
– Pipeline at berths 1-3 (when operational)
– Water barge at other locations (48hr notice required)
Rate of delivery:
– Pipeline: 20 tons/hour (maximum)
– Barge: 10 tons/hour (weather dependent)
Approximate cost per ton: $5-8 USD (cash payment only).
Surcharges:
– 30% after-hours premium (1800-0800)
– 50% weekend/holiday surcharge
Water quality concerns:
– Recommended for technical use only
– High sediment content reported
– No potability certification available
Stores and Spare Parts
Can vessel be stored by barge or truck? Truck delivery only (strictly enforced).
Regulations concerning barge storing: Prohibited during all cargo operations.
Can trucks proceed alongside at the berth? Yes with armed escort (2hr advance notice).
Truck parking distance: 50m minimum from vessel when not loading.
Forklift availability: Port equipment only (3-ton capacity limit).
Customs regulations:
– 100% examination of all stores
– 24hr prior declaration required
– Prohibited items include:
* Electronic devices (except ship’s equipment)
* Publications/media
* Religious materials
* GPS equipment
Local riggers: Not available (crew must handle all rigging).
Spare parts availability:
– Basic mechanical items only
– No genuine OEM parts
– No electrical components
Special notices:
– All deliveries subject to customs inspection fees ($50-200 USD)
– No refrigerated provisions available
– Strict limits on alcohol quantities
Dunnage and Dunnage
Is dunnage available? Limited softwood supply (state-controlled).
Dunnage specifications:
– Primarily pine timber
– Various lengths (1-3m)
– Untreated/unseasoned
Operation policy:
– Stevedores handle all dunnage operations
– No crew participation permitted
– No separation of clean/dirty dunnage
Cost structure:
– Included in stevedoring charges
– $5-10 USD per m³ extra for special requests
Quality concerns:
– May contain nails/metal fragments
– Often wet or moldy
– Irregular dimensions
Ship Chandlers
Name: Rason Port State Supply Corporation.
Address: Port Administration Compound, Pier 1 Area.
Contact information: No published international contacts.
Supply capabilities:
– Fresh provisions (local produce only)
– Limited dry goods
– Basic cleaning supplies
Restrictions:
– No meat products available
– Dairy products limited
– No western food items
Payment:
– Cash USD only
– No receipts provided
– All sales final
Special notes:
– 72hr advance order required
– No quality guarantees
– Quantities often limited
Ship Husbandry
Availability: Basic deck washing services only.
Service details:
– Fresh water deck wash
– Manual brushing only
– No chemical cleaning agents
Limitations:
– No hull cleaning above waterline
– No tank cleaning services
– No cargo hold cleaning
Waste handling:
– Garbage removal mandatory
– $100-300 USD fee
– No recycling facilities
Environmental notes:
– No oily water separation
– No sludge reception
– No MARPOL compliance
Maintenance and Repairs
Deck repairs:
– Basic welding (carbon steel only)
– Manual painting (brush/roller)
– No non-destructive testing
Engine repairs:
– Minor mechanical work only
– No machining capability
– No cylinder overhaul
Electrical services:
– Basic wiring repairs
– No certified electricians
– No high-voltage work
Certification:
– No class-approved workshops
– No manufacturer certifications
– No warranty on work performed
Dry dock notes:
– Floating dock availability uncertain
– No underwater survey capability
– No propeller polishing
Gangway and Deck Watchmen
Watchmen service: Mandatory 24/7 coverage.
Security details:
– Armed guards at all times
– 3-shift rotation
– No private security permitted
Access control:
– No visitors without prior approval
– Crew list verification daily
– Biometric checks possible
Cost structure:
– Included in port dues
– $50 USD/night extra for overtime
Special requirements:
– Gangway lights mandatory after dark
– Visitor logbook maintained
– No photography permitted
Deratting
Service availability: When mandated by port health.
Service details:
– Chemical fumigation only
– Methyl bromide application
– 12-24 hour process
Certification:
– DPRK health certificate issued
– No IHR recognition
– No exemption certificates
Cost factors:
– $500-800 USD depending on vessel size
– Cash payment in advance
Safety concerns:
– No independent air quality monitoring
– Crew must disembark during treatment
– No safety data sheets provided
Surveying
Cargo inspection:
– State inspectors only
– Quantity verification only
– No quality assessment
Surveyor access:
– 72hr advance notice required
– Escort mandatory
– Limited vessel access
Documentation:
– DPRK-issued certificates only
– No international formats
– No electronic copies
Special notes:
– No draft surveys available
– No bunker surveys
– No damage assessments
Fumigation
Service parameters:
– Agricultural cargoes only
– Methyl bromide treatment
– 24-48 hour process
Cost structure:
– $300-600 USD per treatment
– Based on cargo volume
Regulatory notes:
– No PH3 alternatives available
– No safety oversight
– No residue testing
Operational constraints:
– Weather-dependent scheduling
– No weekend operations
– Military priority may delay
Crewing and Repatriations
Crew change policy:
– 14 day advance notice
– Diplomatic clearance required
– Limited to Chinese/Russian nationals
Repatriation process:
– Embassy coordination only
– No commercial flights
– Land border crossing only
Visa regulations:
– No shore passes issued
– No port visas available
– Strict movement controls
Medical evacuation:
– Chinese border crossing only
– No air ambulance access
– $10,000+ USD deposit required
Dry Docks
Primary facility:
– 20,000 DWT floating dock
– Limited availability
– Military priority access
Secondary dock:
– 5,000 DWT capacity
– Basic hull repair only
– No shipyard support
Capability limits:
– No underwater repairs
– No propeller servicing
– No ultrasonic testing
Operational notes:
– No advance booking system
– Cash payment in full required
– No performance guarantees
Launch Service
Passenger transfers:
– No regular launch service
– Emergency cases only
– Military approval required
Operational constraints:
– No private vessels permitted
– No helicopter transfers
– No medical evacuation craft
Safety notes:
– No lifeboat capability
– No night operations
– Weather restrictions apply
Certificates Issuing
Documentation services:
– Port clearance certificates
– Cargo manifests
– Crew lists
Processing time:
– 24-48 hours minimum
– No expedited service
– Weekend delays common
Fee structure:
– $100-300 USD per document
– Cash payments only
– No itemized receipts
Special notes:
– All documents in Korean/Chinese
– No English versions guaranteed
– No electronic submissions
Shore Electricity
Power supply details:
– 220V/60Hz
– 3-phase supply
– 100kVA maximum
Connection issues:
– Soviet-era plugs
– Frequent outages
– Voltage fluctuations
Safety concerns:
– No ground fault protection
– Exposed wiring common
– No emergency cutoff
Usage fees:
– $50 USD/day flat rate
– Metered billing unavailable
– Damage liability clauses
Phones Services
Communication restrictions:
– No ship-to-shore phones
– No mobile SIM cards
– No internet access
Emergency contact:
– Port control VHF 16 only
– No direct outside lines
Monitoring:
– All communications recorded
– Radio silence may be imposed
– No satellite phone use
Banks
Financial services:
– No foreign bank access
– No currency exchange
– No wire transfers
Cash handling:
– USD notes must be:
* Unmarked
* Post-2006 series
* No CB serial prefixes
Transaction limits:
– No transactions over $10,000 USD
– No financial instruments accepted
– No credit/debit cards
Consuls and Visa
Diplomatic presence:
– Chinese consulate only
– Limited service hours
– Appointment required
Visa processing:
– No port issuance
– Pre-arranged visas only
– Strict validity periods
Document requirements:
– Full crew list submission
– Passport copies
– Itinerary approval
Special notes:
– No journalist visas
– No tourist access
– No visa extensions
Mail
Postal services:
– No international mail
– No parcel service
– No courier access
Customs restrictions:
– All incoming mail screened
– Outgoing mail prohibited
– No philatelic services
Document handling:
– No notary services
– No legal mail
– No diplomatic pouch
Shore Leave
Crew movement policy:
– No routine shore leave
– Emergency cases only
– Armed escort required
Restricted areas:
– Entire port zone
– City limits
– Border regions
Monitoring:
– Mandatory ID carrying
– Curfew enforcement
– No unapproved contacts
Medical and Ambulance
Medical facilities:
– Port clinic (basic first aid)
– Rason People’s Hospital
– No western standards
Emergency response:
– No dedicated ambulance
– Military transport used
– No trauma care
Medication issues:
– No western pharmaceuticals
– Limited supplies
– No narcotics available
Evacuation protocol:
– Chinese border crossing
– $10,000 USD deposit
– Diplomatic notification
Seaman’s Clubs
Recreation facilities:
– No dedicated clubs
– No visitor access
– No social activities
Religious services:
– No places of worship
– No clergy access
– No religious materials
Entertainment:
– No cinemas
– No bars
– No sports facilities
Miscellaneous
Critical notices:
1. Photography strictly prohibited (equipment confiscation risk)
2. All electronic devices subject to search
3. No independent navigation allowed
4. Military zones extend 5nm from port
5. No AIS transmission in port area
Sanctions compliance:
– Vessel responsibility to verify
– No DPRK guidance provided
– UNSCR enforcement possible
Environmental compliance:
– No waste oil reception
– No sewage treatment
– No garbage segregation
Security protocols:
– 24/7 armed patrols
– Random document checks
– No protest rights
Political considerations:
– Operations may suspend without notice
– Military takes precedence
– No compensation for delays
